The pre-election year of 2025 in Armenia was marked by a tense and turbulent atmosphere, both in terms of domestic and foreign policy.

At the beginning of the year, Yerevan took steps aimed at deepening relations with the European Union, while during the summer, U.S. involvement in the Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict resolution process became more evident.

In this context, Armenian–Russian relations continued to remain tense and cautious. Although Yerevan officially stated that “Armenia does not intend to reformat its allied relations with Russia,” the existence of problems in the interactions between Yerevan and Moscow was also emphasized on various occasions.

From an information perspective, both political figures and fact-checking organizations spoke about the implementation of hybrid attacks against the Armenian authorities.

This study aims to identify the narratives circulated about Armenia in Russian-language Telegram channels during the period from May to September within this context.

The study was conducted within the framework of the project “Mapping and Countering Disinformation in Armenia Ahead of the 2026 Elections: Learning from Estonia,” which was implemented by the Public Journalism Club with the financial support of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Estonia.

The Public Journalism Club and the author of the report are responsible for the content, which does not necessarily reflect the views of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Estonia.